Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV):
A vehicle with an engine designed to run on a fuel other than 气体oline or diesel.
安:
The unit of measurement of electrical current produced in a circuit.
双燃料天然气车辆:
A vehicle with an engine capable of running on either natural 气体 or some other fuel (usually 气体oline).
容量:
The amount of electric power delivered or required for which a generator, 涡轮, 变压器, 传输电路, 站, or system is rated by the manufacturer.
二氧化碳(CO)2):
Carbon Dioxide is the main product from the combustion of fossil fuels, such as 气体, oil and coal. 而股份有限公司2 has been implicated as having a possible role in the global greenhouse debate, 它目前没有受到监管.
热电联产:
The sequential or simultaneous process in which useful heat/蒸汽 is generated, used in a variety of process applications, and then directed into a 涡轮 to generate electricity and/or 机械 work from the useful thermal energy still available for use.
联合循环:
A cogeneration technology in which additional electricity is produced sequentially from otherwise lost waste heat exiting from one or more 气体-fired 涡轮s. The exiting heat flow is routed to an exhaust-fired conventional boiler or to a heat recovery 蒸汽 generator for utilization by a 蒸汽 涡轮 in the production of electricity. This process increases the efficiency of an electric generating system by turning the rejected heat into thermal 蒸汽 rather than discharging it into the atmosphere.
压缩天然气(CNG):
This is a natural 气体 that is highly compressed and stored in high-pressure surface containers. Compressed natural 气体 is used extensively as a transportation fuel for automobiles, truck and buses.
电流:
A flow of electrons in an electrical conductor. The strength or rate of movement of the electricity is measured in amperes.
专用NGV:
A vehicle that can be fueled only by natural 气体.
直接使用:
Direct use involves burning natural 气体 directly at end-use applications such as furnaces, 水 heaters and other natural 气体 appliances or vehicles. This is as opposed to burning natural 气体 for electric generation which would then be used to power the same appliances or electric vehicles in a less efficient manner due to energy losses incurred during generation and transportation.
能源:
The 能力 for doing work as measured by the 能力 of doing work (potential energy) or the conversion of this 能力 to motion (kinetic energy). 能量有几种形式, some of which are easily convertible and can be changed to another form useful for work. Most of the world's convertible energy comes from fossil fuels that are burned to produce heat that is then used as a transfer medium to 机械 或者其他方式 in order to accomplish tasks. Electrical energy is usually measured in kilowatt hours, which heat energy is usually measured in British thermal units.
能源:
The primary source that provides the power that is converted to electricity through chemical, 机械, 或者其他方式. 能源来源包括煤, petroleum and petroleum products, 气体, 水, 铀, 风, 阳光, 地热, 还有其他来源.
化石燃料:
Any naturally occurring organic fuel, such as coal, crude oil, and natural 气体.
燃料电池:
A device that produces electrical energy directly from the controlled electrochemical oxidation of the fuel. It does not contain an intermediate heat cycle, as do most other electrical generation techniques.
汽油加仑当量(GGE):
A unit for measuring compressed natural 气体 sold at public fueling 站s and comparing fuel efficiencies.
代:
The process of producing electric energy by transforming other forms of energy; also, the amount of electric energy produced, 以千瓦时表示.
地热能源:
Energy from the internal heat of the earth may be residual heat, 摩擦热, or a result of radioactive decay. The heat is found in rocks and fluids at various depths and can be extracted by drilling and/or pumping.
网格:
The layout of an electrical distribution system.
家用加油设备:
A natural 气体 fueling component that contains both compressor and fueling equipment which is sized for residential time fill use.
千瓦(千瓦):
一千瓦.
负载(电动):
The amount of electric power delivered or required at any specific point or points on a system. The requirement originates at the energy-consuming equipment of the customers.
兆瓦(MW):
一百万瓦.
天然气:
A naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon 气体es found in porous geological formations beneath the earth's surface, often in association with petroleum. The principal constituent is methane.
天然气汽车(NGV):
A vehicle powered by compressed natural 气体.
氮氧化物(氮氧化合物):
Various oxides of nitrogen are formed in the combustion of fossil fuels, such as 气体, oil and coal. Some 氮氧化合物 is formed from the nitrogen bound in the fuel when it is combusted and some 氮氧化合物 (thermal 氮氧化合物) is formed at high temperatures from the nitrogen in the air. 氮氧化合物, in combination with volatile organic compounds (VOC) and 阳光, 导致臭氧的形成.
Emissions of 氮氧化合物 are strictly regulated, monitored and enforced by local, state and federal environmental agencies to protect people, 动物和植物.
North American Electric 可靠性 Council (NERC):
A council formed in 1968 by the electric utility industry to promote the reliability and adequacy of bulk power supply in the electric utility systems of North America. NERC consists of nine regional reliability councils and encompasses essentially all the power systems of the contiguous United States, 加拿大, 还有一些在墨西哥.
OEM:
Original Equipment Manufacturer
油:
A mixture of hydrocarbons usually existing in the liquid state in natural underground pools or reservoirs. Gas is often found in association with oil.
开销和. 地下电力服务:
在大多数情况下, Underground service is generally more reliable than overhead, but maintenance is more difficult and costly. Regardless of whether the lines are constructed overhead or underground, they are built in compliance with all applicable safety rules and regulations.
Pad-mounted变压器:
A distribution 变压器 that is installed on the ground on concrete pads and provides underground electrical service to customers.
峰值负载:
The maximum load during a specified period of time.
高峰负荷电厂:
A plant usually housing old, low-efficiency equipment normally used during the peak-load periods.
峰值容量:
Capacity of generating equipment normally operated during the hours of highest daily, 每周, 或者季节性负荷. Some generating equipment may be operated at certain times as peaking 能力 and at other times to serve loads on an around-the-clock basis.
石油(原油):
A naturally occurring, oily, flammable liquid composed mostly of hydrocarbons. Crude oil is occasionally found in springs or pools, but usually is drilled from wells beneath the earth's surface.
光伏电池:
Device that produces electrical current by converting light or similar radiation.
公共加油站:
Refers to a fueling 站 that is accessible to the general public.
原动力:
The engine, 涡轮, 水 wheel, or similar machine that drives an electric generator.
快速填充:
Refers to the process of fueling a vehicle with natural 气体 in approximately the same time it would take to fuel the same vehicle with liquid fuels such as 气体oline or diesel.
可再生能源:
An energy source that is regenerative or virtually inexhaustible. Typical examples are 风, 地热 and 水 power.
计划停机:
The shutdown of a generating unit, 输电线路, 或其他设施, 用于检查或维修, in accordance with an advance schedule.
变电站:
Sub站s are like interchanges on interstate highways or intersections on city streets, depending on the voltages involved and the amount of power passing through them. 用栅栏围起来, sub站s contain 变压器s, 开关, circuit breakers and other devices used to control and direct the flow of electric power through the energy delivery grid.
二氧化硫(SO)2):
Sulfur dioxide is a product of fossil fuel combustion, such as the burning of oil or coal. Small amounts of sulfur contained in the fuel is converted into sulfur dioxide in the combustion process.
Emissions of sulfur dioxide are strictly regulated, monitored and enforced by local, state and federal environmental agencies to protect people, 动物和植物.
热:
A term used to identify a type of electric generating 站, 能力, 能力, or output in which the source of energy for the prime mover is heat.
时间填满
A method of fueling a vehicle with natural 气体 over an extended period of time, 通常是6到8小时.
变压器:
A device used to raise or lower electrical voltage.
传输电平电压:
There is no specific standard for transmission-level voltage. It refers to that part of the electric system dedicated to the delivery of bulk power from power plants to transmission sub站s scattered around the transmission grid.
Electric power is transmitted at very high voltages because losses (much like heat losses) are minimized at elevated voltage levels. For a given amount of power delivered, doubling the transmission voltage cuts the electrical losses by 75 percent.
发电机:
A machine for generating rotary 机械 power from the energy in a 蒸汽 of fluid (such as 水, 蒸汽, 或热气体). Turbines convert the kinetic energy of fluids to 机械 energy through the principals of impulse and reaction, 或者两者的混合.
车辆转换:
Retrofitting a vehicle engine to run on natural 气体.
车辆加油装置:
A natural 气体 fueling component that contains both compressor and fueling equipment.
瓦特:
电力单位:电力单位.
Sources: Energy Information Administration; 1998; 坦帕电; 1999; Peoples Gas1999.
